Electrical safety : safety and health for electrical trades : student manual

Section 1 . . 1 Electricity Is Dangerous . . 1 How is an electrical shock received? . 2 Summary of Section 1 . . 5 Section 2 . . 6 Dangers of Electrical Shock . 6 Summary of Section 2 . . 11 Section 3 . . 12 Burns Caused by Electricity . 12 Arc Blasts . 12 Electrical Fires . 14 Summary of Section 3 . . 15 First Aid Fact Sheet . . 16 Section 4 . . 18 Overview of the Safety Model . 18 What must be done to be safe? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Summary of Section 4 . . 21 Section 5 . . 22 Safety Model Stage 1—Recognizing Hazards . 22 How do you recognize hazards? . 22 Summary of Section 5 . . 35 Section 6 . . 36 Safety Model Stage 2—Evaluating Hazards . 36 How do you evaluate your risk? . 36 Summary of Section 6 . . 37 Section 7 . . 38 Safety Model Stage 3—Controlling Hazards: Safe Work Environment . . 38 How do you control hazards? . . 38 How do you create a safe work environment? . 38 Lock out and tag out circuits and equipment . 39 Lock-out/tag-out checklist . . 40 Control inadequate wiring hazards . 41 Control hazards of fixed wiring . . 42 Control hazards of flexible wiring . . 42 Use flexible wiring properly . . 42 v Page Use the right extension cord . . 44 Control hazards of exposed live electrical parts: isolate energized components . 45 Control hazards of exposure to live electrical wires: use proper insulation . 46 Control hazards of shocking currents . 48 Ground circuits and equipment . . 48 Use GFCIs . . 50 Bond components to assure grounding path . . 51 Control overload current hazards . 52 When You Must Work on or Near Live Circuits . . 54 Live-work Permit System . 54 Summary of Section 7 . . 56 Section 8 . . 58 Safety Model Stage 3—Controlling Hazards: Safe Work Practices . 58 How do you work safely? . . 58 Plan your work and plan for safety . . 59 Ladder safety fact sheet . . 62 A void wet working conditions and other dangers . . 65 A void overhead powerlines . . 65 Use proper wiring and connectors . . 65 Use and maintain tools properly . 68 W ear correct PPE . 70 PPE fact sheet . 72 Summary of Section 8 . . 75 Glossary of Terms . . 76 Endnotes . 78 Appendix . . 79 Index . . 80 Photo and Graphics Credits . 81 vi