Nano chromatography and nano capillary electrophoresis : pharmaceutical and environmental analyses

Chapter 1: Introduction. 1. Nano Analyses. 2. Definition of Nano-Chromatography and Nano-Capillary Electrophoresis. 3. Nano-Chromatography and Nano-Capillary Electrophoresis. 4. Fabrication of Micro Devices. 5. Development in Nano Analyses. 6. Data Integration. 7. Protocol of Nano Analyses. 8. Scope of the Book. 9. Conclusion. 10. References. Chapter 2: Fabrication of Micro Chips. 1. Introduction. 2. Substrates. 3. Techniques of Fabrication. 3.1 Glass Chips. 3.2 Quartz Chips. 3.3 Silica Chips. 3.4 Polymer Chips. 3.5 Plastic Chips. 3.6 Chips and PCR. 4. Surface Modification. 4.1 Modification by Polymers. 4.2 Modification by Silica Gel. 4.3 Modification by Monolithics. 4.4 Modification by Sulfonation. 5. Designs of Chips. 6. Bindings of Chips. 7. Conclusion. 8. References. Chapter 3: Instrumentation of Nano-Chromatogrpahy and Nano-Capillary Electrophoresis. 1. Introduction. 2. Nano-Liquid Chromatography. 2.1 Mobile Phase Reservoirs. 2.2 Mobile Phases and Flow Calibration. 2.3 Mobile Phase Tubings. 2.4 Solvent Delivery Pump. 2.6 Sample Injector. 2.7 Separation Chips. 2.8 Detectors. 2.9 Recorder. 2.10 Sample Preparation Units. 3. Nano Capillary Electrophoresis. 3.1 Separation Chip. 3.2 Background Electrolyte and its Reservoirs. 3.3 Sample Injection Port. 3.4 Detectors. 3.5 Recorder. 3.6 Sample Preparation Units. 4. Conclusion. 5. References. Chapter 4: Detection in Nano Chromatography and Nano Capillary Electrophoresis. 1. Introduction. 2. Mass Spectrometer Detectors. 3. Fluorescence Detectors. 4. Electrochemical Detectors. 5. Element Specific Detectors. 6. Miscellaneous Detectors. 7. Conclusion. 8. References. Chapter 5: Sample Preparation in Nano Chromatography and Nano-Capillary Electrophoresis. 1. Introduction. 2. Sample Preparation. 3. Sampling. 3.1 Biological Samples. 3.1.1 Blood. 3.1.2 Urine. 3.1.3 Tissues. 3.1.4 Plants. 3.1.5 Food Stuffs. 3.2 Environmental Samples. 3.2.1 Air. 3.2.2 Water. 3.2.3 Sediment and Soils. 4. Preservation. 5. Filtration. 6. Digestion/Homogenization. 7. Extractions. 8. Clean-Up. 9. Pre-concentration. 10. Off-Line Nano-Sample Preparation Methods. 10.1 Nano Solid Phase Extractions. 10.2 Nano Membrane Extractions. 10.3 Nano Miscellaneous Extractions. 11. On-Line Nano-Sample Preparation Methods. 12. Conclusion. 13. References. Chapter 6: Nano High Performance Liquid Chromatography. 1. Introduction. 2. Nano-HPLC. 3. Applications. 3.1 Nano-HPLC of Biological Matrices. 3.1.1 Proteomics. 3.1.2 Drugs Development and Design. 3.1.3 Environmental Analysis. 4. Optimization of Separations in Nano-HPLC. 5. Trouble Shooting in Nano-HPLC. 6. Conclusion. 7. References. Chapter 7: Nano Capillary Electro-Chromatography and Nano Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. 1. Introduction. 2. Nano Capillary Electro-Chromatography. 2.1 Biological Samples. 2.2 Environmental Samples. 2.3 Mechanism of Separation. 3. Nano Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. 3.1 Biological Samples. 3.2 Environmental Samples. 3.3 Mechanisms of Separation. 4. Conclusion. 5. References. Chapter 8: Nano Capillary Electrophoresis. 1. Introduction. 2. Optimization. 3. Applications. 3.1 Proteomics. 3.2 Genomics. 3.3 Amino Acids. 3.4 Drugs Development and Design. 3.5 Enzymes and Hormones. 3.6 Biological Fluids. 3.7 Foods and Beverages. 3.8 Viruses and Bacteria. 3.9 Explosives. 3.10 Environmental Analyses. 3.11 Miscellaneous Applications. 4. Mechanism of Separation. 5. Conclusion. 6. References. Chapter 9: Chiral Separations by Nano Liquid Chromatography and Nano Capillary Electrophoresis. 1. Introduction. 2. Nano Liquid Chromatography. 3. Nano Capillary Electrophoresis. 4. Mechanisms of Chiral Separations. 5. Conclusion. 6. References. Chapter 10: Perspectives of Nano Analyses. 1. Introduction. 2. Future of Micro Fluidic Devices. 3. Future Challenges. 4. Conclusion. 5. References.