The Cost of Pollution in China : economic estimates of physical damage
- نوع فایل : کتاب
- زبان : انگلیسی
- مؤلف : China (People's Republic of China, 1949- ). State Environmental Protection Administration.; World Bank.
- ناشر : Washington, DC : World Bank, Rural Development, Natural Resources and Environment Management Unit.,
- چاپ و سال / کشور: 2007
- شابک / ISBN : 9780821372098
Description
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS v ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS vii FOREWORD ix EXECUTIVE SUMMARY xi 1 Overview 1 2 Health Impacts of Ambient Air Pollution 19 3 Health Impacts of Water Pollution 33 4 Valuation of Environmental Health Risks 67 5 Non-Health Impacts of Water Pollution 79 6 Non-Health Impacts of Air Pollution 111
Building upon willingness-to-pay surveys for reducing health risks from pollution among households in Shanghai and Chongqing municipalities, the study finds that the health costs of air and water pollution in China amount to about 4.3 percent of its GDP. By adding the non-health impacts of pollution, which are estimated to be about 1.5 percent of GDP, the total cost of air and water pollution in China is about 5.8 percent of GDP. The burden of both air and water pollution is not distributed evenly across the country. For example, China's poor are disproportionately affected by the environmental health burden and only six provinces bear 50 percent of the effects of acid rain in the country.
