Industrial solvents handbook.

Part 1 Properties and Selection of Organic Solvents, 1 Introduction and an Overview of Part 1, 1 Section 1: Industrial Organic Solvents, 3 Alcohols, 3 Aldehydes, 22 Amines, 31 Esters, 34 Ethers, 38 Glycol Ethers, 46 Halogenated Hydrocarbons, 51 Hydrocarbon Solvents (Aliphatic and Aromatic), 74 Ketones, 83 Nitroparaffins, 88 Miscellaneous Solvents, 91 Section 2: Environmental, Health and Safety Regulations, 95 EPA and Environmental Legislation, 95 Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 122 Section 3: Solvent Selection Criteria, 127 A Quick Review of Safe Practices, 127 Overview of the Theory, 130 Application of the Theory, 132 Solvent Blends, 133 Internet Resources, 142 References and Recommended Resources, 145 Part 2 Hazardous and Toxic Chemical Profiles, 147 Introduction and Overview of Part 2, 147 Acetic Acid, 149 Acetic Anhydride, 149 Acetyl Bromide, 150 Acrylamide, 151 Acrylonitrile, 152 Allyl Alcohol, 154 Allyl Chloroformate, 154 Amyl Acetate, 155 Aniline, 156 Anisoyl Chloride, 157 Benzaldehyde, 158 VII viii Contents Benzene, 158 Benzonitrile, 159 Benzophenone, 160 Benzoyl Chloride, 161 Benzyl Alcohol, 162 Benzylamine, 163 Benzyl Bromide, 164 Benzyl Chloride, 164 Benzyl Chloroformate, 166 Bromobenzene, 167 N-Butyl Acetate, 167 Sec-Butyl Acetate, 168 Iso-Butyl Acrylate, 169 N-Butyl Acrylate, 170 N-Butyl Alcohol, 171 Sec-Butyl Alcohol, 171 Tert-Butyl Alcohol, 172 N-Butylamine, 173 Sec-Butylamine, 174 Tert-Butylamine, 175 Butylene Oxide, 175 N-Butyl Mercaptan, 176 N-Butyl Methacrylate, 177 Iso-Butyraldehyde, 178 N-Butyraldehyde, 179 Carbolic Oil, 179 C arbon Tetrachloride ,180 Chloroform, 181 Copper Naphthenate, 182 Creosote, Coal Tar, 183 Cresols, 184 Cumene, 184 P-Cumene, 185 Cyclohexane, 186 Cyclohexanol, 187 Cyclohexanone, 188 Cyclopentane, 188 Decahydronaphthalene, 189 Decaldehyde, 190 1-Decene, 191 N-Decyl Alcohol, 191 N-Decylbenzene, 192 Contents ix Diacetone Alcohol, 194 Di-N-Phthalate, 194 Di-N-Butylamine, 195 Di-N-Butyl Ether, 196 Di-N-Butyl Ketone, 197 O-Dichlorobenzene, 197 P-Dichlorobenzene, 198 Dichlorobutene, 199 1,2-Dichloroethylene, 200 Dichloroethyl Ether, 201 Dichloromethane, 202 Dichloropropane, 203 Dichloropropene, 203 Dicyclopentadiene, 204 Diethanolamine, 205 Diethylamine, 206 Diethylbenzene, 207 Diethyl Carbonate, 207 Diethylene Glycol, 208 Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether, 209 Diethyleneglycol Monobutyl Ether, 209 Diethyleneglycol Monobutyl Ether Acetate, 210 Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, 211 Diethylenetriamine, 212 Diheptyl Phthalate, 212 Diisobutylcarbinol, 213 Diisobutylene, 214 Diisobutyl Ketone, 214 Diisodecyl Phthalate, 215 Diisopropanolamine, 216 Diisopropylamine, 217 Dimethyl Ether, 218 Dimethyl Sulfate, 218 Dimethyl Sulfide, 219 Dimethyl Sulfoxide, 220 Dioctyl Adipate, 221 Dioctyl Phthalate, 222 Dipentene, 222 Diphenyl Ether, 223 Dipropylene Glycol, 224 Distillates, Flashed Feed Stocks, 225 Dodecanol, 225 Dodecene, 226 x Contents 2,4-D Esters, 193 1-Dodecene, 227 Dodecyltrichlorosilane, 228 Epichlorohydrin, 229 Ethyl Acetate, 229 Ethyl Acetoacetate, 230 Ethyl Aery late, 231 Ethyl Alcohol, 232 Ethylamine, 233 Ethylbenzene, 233 Ethyl Butanol, 234 Ethyl Butyrate, 235 Ethyl Chloride, 236 Ethyl Chloroacetate, 237 Ethyl Chloroformate, 237 Ethyldichlorosilane, 239 Ethylene Chlorohydrin, 239 Ethylenediamine, 240 Ethyl Ether, 241 2-Ethyl Hexanol, 242 Ethyl Formate, 243 Ethyl Hexyl Tallate, 243 Ethyl Lactate, 244 Ethyl Mercaptan, 245 Ethyl Methacrylate, 246 Ethyl Nitrate, 246 Ethylene Glycol Monobutyl Ether, 247 Ethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether, 248 Ethylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether, 249 Ethyleneimine, 250 Formaldehyde Solution, 250 Furfuryl Alcohol, 251 Gas Oil, Cracked, 252 Gasolines, Automotive, 253 Gasoline Blending Stocks: Alkylates, 254 Glycerine, 255 Heptane, 255 Heptanol, 256 1-Heptene, 257 N-Hexaldehyde, 258 Hexamethyleneimine, 258 Hexane, 259 Contents xi Hexanol, 260 1-Hexene, 261 Hexylene Glycol, 261 Isoamyl Alcohol, 262 Isobutyl Acetate, 263 Isobutyl Alcohol, 264 Isobutylamine, 265 Isodecyl Alcohol, 265 Isohexane, 266 Isooctyl Alcohol, 267 Isophorone, 268 Isopropyl Acetate, 268 Isopropyl Alcohol, 269 Isopropylamine, 270 Isopropyl Ether, 271 Isopropyl Mercaptan, 272 Isopropyl Percarbonate, 273 Kerosene, 274 Linear Alcohols, 274 Mesityl Oxide, 275 Methyl Acetate, 276 Methyl Alcohol, 277 Methyl Amyl Acetate, 278 Methyl Amyl Alcohol, 278 N-Methylaniline, 279 Methyl N-Butyl Ketone, 280 Methyl Chloroformate, 281 Methyl Cyclopentane, 282 Methyldichlorosilane, 283 Methyl Ethyl Ketone, 283 Methyl Formal, 284 Methyl Formate, 285 Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol, 286 Methyl Isobutyl Ketone, 287 Methyl Isopropenyl Ketone, Inhibited, 288 Mineral Spirits, 288 Nonanol, 289 Nonene, 290 1-Nonene, 291 Nonylphenol, 291 Octane, 292 Oils, Miscellaneous: Resin, 295 xii Contents Octanol, 293 Oils: Clarified, 294 Oils, Miscellaneous: Mineral, 294 Pentane, 296 1-Pentene, 296 Polybutene, 297 Polypropylene Glycol, 298 N-Propyl Acetate, 298 N-Propyl Alcohol, 299 Propylene Oxide, 300 Quinoline, 301 Sodium Alkyl Sulfates, 302 Sorbitol, 302 Toluene, 303 Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate, 304 O-Toluidine, 305 Trichloroethylene, 306 Trichlorofluoromethane, 307 Trichlorosilane, 307 Tridecanol, 308 1-Tridecene, 309 Triethanolamine, 310 Triethylbenzene, 310 Triethylene Glycol, 311 Tripropylene Glycol, 312 Turpentine, 312 Undecanol, 313 1-Undecene, 314 N-Undecylbenzene, 315 Vinyltoluene, 315 M-Xylene, 316 O-Xylene, 317 P-Xylene, 318 Xylenol, 319