The ischemic penumbra

Foreword Werner Hacke . . . v Preface . . . vii Contributors . . . xi Section I: The Ischemic Penumbra: An Overview 1. The Ischemic Penumbra—The Beginning 1 Lindsay Symon 2. The Ischemic Penumbra: Overview, Definition, and Criteria 7 Geoffrey A. Donnan, Jean-Claude Baron, Stephen M. Davis, and Frank R. Sharp 3. Perfusion Thresholds in Cerebral Ischemia 21 Ramez R. Moustafa and Jean-Claude Baron 4. Duration and Thresholds of the Ischemic Penumbra in Different Species 37 Omar Touzani and Jean-Claude Baron 5. The Ischemic Cascade: Events Within the Penumbra 59 Juliane Klehmet, Ulrich Dirnagl, Jens Peter Dreier, and Andreas Meisel 6. Multimodal Mapping of the Ischemic Penumbra in Animal Models 77 Konstantin-A. Hossmann and Günter Mies 7. Molecular Biology of the Penumbra 93 Frank R. Sharp, Huichun Xu, Xinshe Liu, and Ruiqiong Ran 8. Selective Neuronal Loss 109 Anthony J. Strong and Anna M. Planas 9. Inflammation and Reperfusion Injury Within the Penumbra 125 Adrian Parry-Jones, Johann R. Selvarajah, Pippa J. Tyrrell, and Nancy J. Rothwell Section II: Imaging the Penumbra: Other Approaches 10. Imaging Penumbra and Neuronal Loss: Positron Emission Tomography with Flumazenil 137 Wolf-Dieter Heiss, Jan Sobesky, Alexander Thiel, Christian Dohmen, Bernd Bauer, Karl Wienhard, and Rudolf Graf 11. Imaging the Penumbra: Positron Emission Tomography Fluoromisonidazole 149 Neil J. Spratt, David W. Howells, and Geoffrey A. Donnan 12. Can the Penumbra Be Imaged Using Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography? 165 Toshihiro Ueda 13. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment of the Ischemic Penumbra in Experimental Stroke 177 Timothy Q. Duong and Marc Fisher 14. Penumbra Imaged with Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Humans 187 Chelsea S. Kidwell and Steven Warach 15. Perfusion Computed Tomography and Xenon-Computed Tomography: Current Status and Implications for Therapy 197 a. Perfusion Computed Tomography 197 Patrik Michel, Max Wintermark, and Julien Bogousslavsky b. Xenon-Computed Tomography-Cerebral Blood Flow Assessment of Ischemic Penumbra in Acute Stroke 207 Tudor G. Jovin, Lawrence R. Wechsler, Rishi Gupta, and Howard Yonas 16. Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Ischemic Penumbra: New Techniques 219 a. Gradient Echo 219 Jun Hatazawa and Eku Shimosegawa b. “Penumbra” Defined by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Oxygen Extraction Fraction and Cerebral Metabolic Rate of Oxygen Utilization 222 Weili Lin, Hongyu An, Yang Wu, Quan Zhu, Katie Vo, Jin-Moo Lee, and Chung Y. Hsu c. Arterial Spin Labeling 234 John A. Detre and Timothy Q. Duong 17. Clinical/Imaging Mismatch as an Index of the Penumbra 241 Jane F. Prosser, Antoni Davalos, and Stephen M. Davis 18. The Topography of the Ischemic Penumbra 251 Romesh Markus, David Reutens, and Geoffrey A. Donnan 19. The Penumbra and Intracerebral Hemorrhage 263 Ken Butcher and Romesh Markus Section III: The Ischemic Penumbra: Implications for Therapy 20. Extending the Time Window for Therapy 281 Numthip Chitravas and Geoffrey A. Donnan 21. Magnetic Resonance in the Selection of Stroke Therapies 307 Stephen M. Davis, Joachim Röther, and Geoffrey A. Donnan Index .