Comparative risk assessment and environmental decision making

TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgements Introduction Comparative Risk Assessment: Past Experience, Current Trends and Future Directions C.J. Andrews, D.S. Apul, I. Linkov Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: A Framework for Structuring Remedial Decisions at Contaminated Sites I. Linkov, A. Varghese, S. Jamil, T. Seager, G. Kiker, T. Bridges Part 1. Comparative Risk Assessment: Methods, Tools and Applications Using Comparative Exposure Analysis to Validate Low-Dose Human Health Risk Assessment: The Case of Perchlorate R.B. Belzer, G.M. Bruce, M.K. Peterson, R.C. Pleus Comparison of Risks from Use of Traditional and Recycled Road Construction Materials: Accounting for Variability in Contaminant Release Estimates D.S. Apul, K.H. Gardner, T.T. Eighmy Environmental Risk Assessment of Pesticides in Nepal and Hindukush- Himalayan Region S. Schumann A Comparative Risk Approach to Assessing Point-Of-Use Water Treatment Systems In Developing Countries A. Varghese Risk-Based Evaluation of the Surface Cover Technology of a Red Sludge Waste Disposal Site in Hungary T. Madarلsz ix xi 3 15 57 75 83 99 113Towards a More Coherent Regional Environment Agenda in the Middle East: Exploring the Role of Comparative Risk Assessment A. Tal Lessons From the New Jersey Comparative Risk Project C.J. Andrews A Proposed Framework for Multinational Comparative Risk Analysis: Pesticide Use, Impacts and Management Report of the Comparative Risk Assessment Methods Workgroup J.A. Shatkin, I. Andreas, D.S. Apul, A. Attia, M. Brambilla, F. Carini, Y. Elshayeb, S. Girgin, G. Ignatavitus, T. Mandarلsz, M. Small, O. Smirnova, J. Sorvari, A. Tal Part 2. Environmental Decision Making The Value of Information for Conflict Resolution M.J. Small Integrated Assessment Modeling A Simultaneous Equations Model of the Global Climate System L .James Valverde, Jr. Classification Schemes for Priority Setting and Decision Making J.A. Shatkin, S. Qian Uncertainty as a Resource in Risk Comparisons D. Hassenzahl Incorporating Habitat Characterization into Risk-Trace Software for Spatially Explicit Exposure Assessment I. Linkov, L. Kapustka, A. Grebenkov, A. Andrizhievski, A. Loukashevich, A. Trifonov Use of GIS as a Supporting Tool for Environmental Risk Assessment and Emergency Response Plans S. Girgin, K. Unlu, U. Yetis Integrated Risk Analysis for Sustainable Water Resources Management J. Ganoulis Overcoming Uncertainties in Risk Analysis: Trade-Offs Among Methods of Uncertainty Analysis Y. Elshayeb 125 133 149 171 195 213 245 253 267 275 287Comparative Risk Assessment and Environmental Impact Assessment: Similarity in Quantitative Methods N. Bobylev Combining Expert Judgement and Stakeholder Values with PROMETHEE: A Case Study in Contaminated Sediments Management S. H. Rogers, T. P. Seager, K. H. Gardner Analysis in Support of Environmental Decision-Making Report of the Working Group on Environmental Decision Making C. J. Andrews, L. J. Valverde, Jr. Part 3. Case Studies in Risk Assessment and Environmental Decision Making Water Quality Challenges Facing Egypt S. T. Abdel-Gawad Risk Assessment of Occupational Exposure to Pesticides A.M. Attia The Role of Air Pollutants and Sewage Waste in Acceleration of Degradation of Islamic Cultural Heritage of Cairo A. A. El-Metwally, A.Bakr Ramadan Irrigation with Treated Wastewater in Israel – Assessment of Environmental Aspects N. Haruvy The Environment Sector in Jordan B. Hayek Comparative Risk Assessment for Homogeneous an Nonhomogeneous Mammalian Populations Exposed to Low Level Radiation O.A. Smirnova Risk Assessment of the Influence Anthropogenic Factors on Human Safety and Health A. Kachinski Environmental Risk Prevention and Environment Management in Lithuanian Military Lands vii 297 305 323 335 349 363 371 381 385 393 403Environmental Risk Management Issues in Romania – Economic Information Policy in a Transition Period I. Andreas A Brief History of Risk Assessment and Management after the Seveso Accident G. U. Fortunati List of Participants Author Index 413 423 431 435