Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability

Section I Etiopathogenic Bases and Therapeutic Implications 1 Background: Patellofemoral Malalignment versus Tissue Homeostasis. Myths and Truths about Patellofemoral Disease Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Pathogenesis of Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability in the Active Young. What Have we Learned from Realignment Surgery? Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso, Fermín Ordoño, Alfredo Subías-López, and Carmen Monserrat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3 Neuroanatomical Bases for Anterior Knee Pain in the Young Patient: “Neural Model” Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso, Esther Roselló-Sastre, Juan Saus-Mas, and Fernando Revert-Ros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 4 Biomechanical Bases for Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability in the Young Patient Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso, Jaime M. Prat-Pastor, Carlos M. Atienza-Vicente, Carlos Puig-Abbs, and Mario Comín-Clavijo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 5 Anatomy of Patellar Dislocation Donald C. Fithian and Eiki Nomura . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77 6 Evaluation of the Patient with Anterior Knee Pain and Patellar Instability Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso, Carlos Puig-Abbs, and Vicente Martínez-Sanjuan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 xiii 7 Uncommon Causes of Anterior Knee Pain Vicente Sanchis-Alfonso, Erik Montesinos-Berry, and Francisco Aparisi-Rodriguez . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 8 Risk Factors and Prevention of Anterior Knee Pain Erik Witvrouw, Damien Van Tiggelen, and Tine Willems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135 9 Conservative Treatment of Athletes with Anterior Knee Pain. Science: Classical and New Ideas Suzanne Werner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 10 Conservative Management of Anterior Knee Pain: The McConnell Program Jenny McConnell and Kim Bennell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 11 Skeletal Malalignment and Anterior Knee Pain: Rationale, Diagnosis, and Management Robert A. Teitge and Roger Torga-Spak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185 12 Treatment of Symptomatic Deep Cartilage Defects of the Patella and Trochlea with and without Patellofemoral Malalignment: Basic Science and Treatment László Hangody and Ivan Udvarhelyi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 13 Autologous Periosteum Transplantation to Treat Full-Thickness Patellar Cartilage Defects Associated with Severe Anterior Knee Pain Håkan Alfredson and Ronny Lorentzon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 14 Patella Plica Syndrome Sung-Jae Kim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 15 Patellar Tendinopathy: Where Does the Pain Come From? Karim M. Khan and Jill L. Cook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257 16 Patellar Tendinopathy: The Science Behind Treatment Karim M. Khan, Jill L. Cook, and Mark A. Young . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 17 Prevention of Anterior Knee Pain after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction K. Donald Shelbourne, Scott Lawrance, and Ron Noy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 18 Lysis of Pretibial Patellar Tendon Adhesions (Anterior Interval Release) to Treat Anterior Knee Pain after ACL Reconstruction Sumant G. Krishnan, J. Richard Steadman, Peter J. Millett, Kimberly Hydeman, and Matthew Close . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 19 Donor-Site Morbidity after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Autografts Clinical, Radiographic, Histological, and Ultrastructural Aspects Jüri Kartus, Tomas Movin, and Jon Karlsson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305 xiv Contents Section II Clinical Cases Commented 20 Complicated Case Studies Roland M. Biedert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 21 Failure of Patellofemoral Surgery: Analysis of Clinical Cases Robert A. Teitge and Roger Torga-Spak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 22 Arthrofibrosis and Patella Infera Christopher D. Harner, Tracy M. Vogrin, and Kenneth J. Westerheide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 23 Neuromatous Knee Pain: Evaluation and Management Maurice Nahabedian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363 Epilogue Scott F Dye . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375