Surgery for low back pain

Contents Part I Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 The Biology of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cornelia Neidlinger-Wilke and Hans-Joachim Wilke 1.2 Low Back Pain: Where Does the Pain Come From? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Helena Brisby 1.3 The Role of Cytokines in the Degenerative Spine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Björn Rydevik and Helena Brisby 1.4 Psychosocial Aspects of Low Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Christine Cedraschi and Valérie Piguet 1.5 Instability and Low Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Tommy Hansson Part II Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2.1 Dynamic MRI of the Spine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 J. J. Abitbol, Soon-Woo Hong, Sana Khan, and Jeffrey C. Wang 2.2 Assessment of Status of End Plate and Diffusion in Degenerative Disc Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 S. Rajasekaran 2.3 The Role of Physician Extenders in a Low Back Pain Practice . . . . . 57 Michael R. Zindrick, Michael N. Tzermiadianos, Cary R. Templin, and Raymond E. Hines III Part III Conservative Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 3.1 Natural Evolution of Nonspecific Low-Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Michel Benoist and Thibaut Lenoir 3.2 Prescribing Conservative Treatment for Low Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . 73 F. Balagué and J. Dudler viii Contents 3.3 Comprehensive Rehabilitation for Low back Pain and Back Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Margareta Nordin 3.4 The Place of Chiropractic Care in the Treatment of Low Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Christopher J. Colloca 3.5 Efficacy of IDET and PIRFT for the Treatment of Discogenic Low Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 Brian J. C. Freeman 3.6 Lumbar Orthoses to Prevent and Treat Low-Back Pain . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Michel Benoist and Thibaut Lenoir Part IV Surgical Treatment: Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 4.1 Indication for Lumbar Spinal Fusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Max Aebi 4.2 Evidence for Efficacy of Pedicle-Based Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Jeremy Fairbank 4.3 Low Back Pain Is Not an Indication for Stabilisation in Patients Operated for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 E. Munting 4.4 Hybrid Construct for DDD in the Lumbar Spine: The Compromise Between Fusion and Nonfusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 J. C. Le. Huec, R. Meyrat, F. Debusscher and S. Aunoble 4.5 The Management of Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis . . . . . . . . . 137 Brian J. C. Freeman and Ujjwal K. Debnath 4.6 Transpedicular-Transdiscal-Transcorporal (TPDC)-Fixation . . . . . . 147 Max Aebi 4.7 Facet Problems: A Surgical Indication? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 F. Pellisé 4.8 Adjacent Level Disease: “Myth” or “Fact” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159 David A. Wong and Katherine E. Wong 4.9 Pelvic Girdle Pain: Indication for Surgery? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 Bengt Sturesson 4.10 Blood Loss Management in Major Spine Surgery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169 Serena S.