Otorhinolaryngological findings and hearing in HIV-positive and HIV-negative children in a developing country
- نوع فایل : کتاب
- زبان : انگلیسی
- مؤلف : Anni Taipale Tuula Pelkonen Marko Taipale Irmeli Roine Luis Bernardino Heikki Peltola Anne Pitka¨ranta
- چاپ و سال / کشور: 2011
Description
The otorhinolaryngological (ORL) manifestations of Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are common, but remain poorly characterized among children of Sub-Saharan Africa, where 90% of new pediatric infections occur. Our objective was to compare ORL findings and hearing in HIV-positive and -negative children of Luanda, Angola, using a comparative study of 78 outpatients from the HIV polyclinic and of 78 age- and sex-matched controls in a pediatric hospital with interview, general and ORL examination, brainstem auditory evoked potentials, and at age[5 years pure tone open-air audiometry. ORL pathology emerged in 92% of HIV-positive and 78% (p = 0.02) of control children. HIV-associated ORL findings comprised dental caries (56 vs. 32%; p = 0.0009), cervical lymphadenopathy [1 cm (45 vs. 10%; p\0.0001), facial skin lesions (32 vs. 5.1%; p\0.0001), chronic suppurative otitis media (26 vs. 3.8%; p = 0.0002), dry tympanic membrane perforations (9 vs. 1%; p = 0.03), tonsils of Mallampati score 0–1 (87 vs. 64%; p = 0.0009), and bilateral hearing loss of[25 dB (13 vs. 1%; p = 0.009). Other HIV-associated characteristics included ear pain (44 vs. 27%; p = 0.006), earlier otorrhea episodes (34 vs. 17%; p = 0.004), tuberculosis (29 vs. 2.6%; p\0.0001), and pneumonia (22 vs. 2.6%; p = 0.0003). ORL pathology appeared usual in both HIV-positive and -negative children. However, the overall high frequency and severity of the findings among the HIV-positive children require regular inclusion of the ORL area in these children’s clinical evaluation.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol DOI 10.1007/s00405-011-1579-x, Received: 5 November 2010 / Accepted: 23 February 2011
