مدلی برای برنامه ریزی منابع انسانی (ERP) در منطق های ضروری انسانی A model for enterprise resource planning in emergency humanitarian logistics

1. Introduction Supply chains are interconnected networks where multiple organizations exchange materials and information to operate in a coordinated manner. Efficient use of limited resources requires the use of system-wide data with optimization models. Efficiency, speed, and reliability are especially critical in disaster relief supply chains. There have been many calls to combine the supply chain management and information systems literatures and adapt them to the special needs of humanitarian logistics (Day et al., 2012). This paper combines these literatures to propose the use of integrated Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) as the next step in the road toward integration of humanitarian supply chains. Furthermore, the paper proposes a conceptual model for the implementation and use of integrated ERP for emergency humanitarian logistics (EHL). In order to build the main thesis of this paper, an extensive literature review was performed in the fields of humanitarian operations, logistics information systems, and enterprise resource planning. Articles that are relevant to the logical structure of the paper were identified from these literatures, and from the articles cited in these papers. These articles include surveys, case studies, conceptual papers, and literature reviews or meta-analyses. The literature supports the multi-organizational supply chain coordination needed in humanitarian logistics, and compares them commercial supply chains where ERP systems are commonly used. The specific requirements of humanitarian organizations are analyzed from an information perspective, and existing information systems for humanitarian logistics are reviewed, contrasting inter-organizational systems with an integrated enterprise system. The system development life cycle is used as a basis for a process model, while common ERP information structure is used to propose the general structure of the humanitarian enterprise system.