الگوریتم رمزنگاری جدید برای تصاویر کوانتومی A new cryptography algorithm for quantum images

1. Introduction Since the introduction of the first protocol of quantum key distribution proposed by Bennett and Brassard in 1984 [1], a number of different studies have focused on establishing the potential practical application of quantum information processing and computation [2–14]. Processing of digital images is one of the most popular activities in our daily life, and essentially is used to extract useful information from physical objects and environments. Quantum Image Processing (QIP) is recognised as a new discipline focused on the development of novel algorithms for the purposes of storing, processing, and retrieving visual information in a quantum computing framework. The first quantum image processing study was presented by Vlasov in 1997 [15]. Subsequently, Beach et al. [16], Venegas-Andraca and Bose [17,18] and other researchers followed the idea of quantum image processing in 2003, with many subsequent studies focused on quantum image processing topics, such as quantum image representation [19–22], quantum image encryption/decryption [23], quantum image segmentation [24], quantum image filtering [25], quantum image storage and retrieval [26], quantum image matching [27], quantum steganography[28–30], quantum watermarking [31–34], and so on [35,36]. One of the simplest and most efficient methods for protecting multimedia data is cryptography. The main aim of image cryptography which commonly is used as pre-processing in many image processing algorithms is to transform a meaningful image into a disordered image. In recent years, many different algorithms for quantum image coding have been proposed. In 2010, for example, Ye [37] proposed ‘image scrambling encryption algorithm of pixel bit based on chaos map’. Later, in 2012, Dalhoum et al. [38] proposed digital image scrambling using 2D cellular automata. Later, in 2014, Jiang et al. proposed quantum Hilbert image scrambling [39] and the quantum realisation of Arnold and Fibonacci image scrambling [40]. And recently in 2015, Zhou et al. [41] proposed ‘quantum image Gray-code and the Bit-plane scrambling algorithm’. In this paper, a new quantum image cryptography algorithm is proposed. In the suggested algorithm, the original image is coded twice throughout the entire procedure. The applicability of the algorithm is confirmed with the application of software simulation. In Section 2, various necessary preliminaries are presented. The proposed algorithm is introduced in Section 3. A discussion and analysis are provided in Section 4. Finally, Section 5 presents conclusions and provides a discussion.