غلبه بر موانع مهندسی مجدد فرایند کسب و کار با استفاده از روش نگاشت دانش مبتنی بر هستی شناسی Overcoming business process reengineering obstacles using ontology-based knowledge map methodology

1. Introduction Today, the structure and behavior of the organizations have to be considered to help adaptation and evolution in a dynamic and more rapidly changing in the environment. Currently, the organizational changes are unexpected although they were expected in the past. New technology appeared the globalization of business processes and the changing of customer requirements are the most factors that affect the organization position among the market. The aims of most organizations are to grow with high performance, achieve excellent work, minimizing the cost of services and products, and add value to the customer through good understanding about their requirements. Consequently, they need to be efficiently and continually redesigned in a world of new technology, changes, and strong competitors and redesigned to actualize strategic and operational success. The causes of strategic failures of the organizations are the inefficiency of the business processes, the lack of innovation, entailing serious consequence for companies and its competitiveness. (Rao, L. et al, 2012) BPR is defined as “a fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve substantial improvements in all performance metrics such as cost, speed, quality, and service.” Each of private and public organizations are either subject to use BPR or looking for an alternative methods which achieve the same results. Although a lot of organizations embraced the concept of BPR programs, only a few of them success, while the other fail with a high failure rate (e.g. 70%). (Rao, L. et al, 2012; Musa, M. A.et al, 2013) Many factors affect the success of the BPR that will be explained in details below and these factors including the understanding of the environment in which the business process exists. As a result, organizations need techniques and integration of knowledge management models to understand the environment which includes processes, people, workers, customer, and tools. The ontology contains a range of concepts and classifications, so it is developed to improve the comprehending structure of the organization and relationship between the organization goals it also used in the knowledge domain. Knowledge map “is a representation of knowledge which reveals relationships of the sources of knowledge by using the metaphor of maps to display a certain place.” It is a knowledge management technique that is used for different purposes, such as finding sources of knowledge or opportunities for knowledge creation, increases their participation and how they interact within the organization; identify the experiences and the ability to determine the terms of references. (Kim, K. Y. E. S. K.-Y et al, 2007) Analytic Hierarchical Processing (AHP) “is a structured technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions, based on mathematics and psychology”.