یک رویکرد رگرسیون خطی برای ارزیابی مدیریت زنجیره تامین سبز بر عملکرد سازمانی صنعتی A linear regression approach to evaluate the green supply chain management impact on industrial organizational performance

1. Introduction Environmental pollution is a growing concern all around the world. The increase in greenhouse emissions has an adverse effect on the environmental integrity of the planet (Wang and Song 2017). The major cause of environmental degradation is the increase of industrialization around the world. In 2016 there has been a significant rise in pollution, Pakistan is among the worst 30 counties which are affected by air pollution. In addition Pakistan has two of its cities in the top 10 most polluted cities of the world (Vidal 2016). This is having an adverse effect on the climatic conditions of the country. On the other hand, Pakistan is a developing country and the progress of industrialization is a strategic issue for the economic growth of the country. In this year, to balance both economic and environmental performance the managerial approach of green supply chain management (GSCM) has been developed (De Felice et al. 2013). The concept of GSCM aims to integrate environment thinking into supply chain management, as highlighted by several authors (Chang et al. 2018; Chin et al. 2015; Srivastava 2007). Industries all over the world are implementing GSCM techniques to address the problem of environmental degradation. In most of the developed counties GSCM is a well-known concept, and is being implemented with great success. In Pakistan the concept of GSCM is relatively new and its implementation is contradictory. In fact, on one side the social pressures are forcing industries to implement these practices as the environmental pollution has become a growing concern in Pakistan. But at the same time, there is a general fear concerning how these factors will affect the economic performance. For the above reasons it is important to develop a sustainable development of the industrial sector identifying GSCM practices as pointed out by some other authors among which is worthy to note Nidumolu et al. 2009 and Markley and Davis, 2007. Addressing the environmental aspect helps in recognizing new opportunities, which leads towards competitive advantage (Choi and Hwang, 2015). Instigating policies such as recycle of waste, reuse of material, cleaner production, and waste management can help in accomplishing the environmental objectives. It has been proved that GSCM can be an important element in the improvement of general performance of an organization with an additional benefit on improving market competition (Sarkis, 2006; Chan et al. 2012). Adopting GSCM and the combination of internal factors (i.e. organizational support) with external factors (i.e. supplier support, and collaboration) is very productive for the global performance of a manufacturing organization (Cheng et al. 2008). In other words, the implementation of GSCM has both monetary and non-monetary benefits (Geffen and Rothenberg 2000; Seuring and Müller 2008). In Pakistan, the lack of research on GSCM and its impact on the organizational performance is the reason why only a small portion of the companies is implementing these practices. Thus, the aim of this research is to evaluate the performance of an organization after implementing GSCM practices. For this purpose, in the present research, the Pakistani industries implementing GSCM have been considered in order to evaluate the influence of GSCM on the financial, and environmental performance. In detail, four dimensions have been analyzed, i.e. organizational involvement, supplier cooperation, investment recovery, and eco-design.