سیستم مانیتورینگ مراقبت های بهداشتی و آنالیز بر اساس چارچوب اینترنت اشیا Health care Monitoring System and Analytics Based on Internet of Things Framework

1. INTRODUCTION A 2015 report from the World Health Organisation revealed that 44% of the member states have less than one physician per 1000 population [1]. The shortage of workforce in the health care industry is not only in rural areas, but also critical in urban areas due to population density. In addition, the growth of chronic diseases and the inadequate growth of expertise in the past decade have accentuated the gravity of the problem. In fact, simply educating and training more physicians falls short of addressing the shortage problem. To tackle the issues, a growing number of research related to telemedicine and eHealth has been recorded in the past decade. Telecommunications play a vital role in the health care industry [2]. In fact, telemedicine or eHealth system is introduced for remote patient monitoring, home health care, and disease management. In 2015, a computer-based information system for health administration was developed and reported to greatly enhance the effective utilisation of available health care data and further streamline the data collection and reporting machinery [3]. Historically, such systems have not been widely adopted because of the cost constraints, immaturity, and the limitations of technologies. However, the emergence of the cloud computing and the Internet of things (IoT) paradigm promotes the advancement of eHealth applications. Instead of hardwired machine-to-machine (M2M) configuration with its many wired connections that take up vital space, IoT builds on cloud computing and acts as a network to collect data from sensors. In other words, IoT connects specific devices to the Internet, processes the data on the cloud and is capable of displaying the obtained information on any smart phone, tablet, or computer with network access. The communication in IoT is mobile, virtual, and instant, and it stands to dramatically change people’s lives, workspace productivity, and consumption [4]. Thus, incorporating IoT into the current health care system is beneficial for patients, doctors, and the society. In fact, the use of IoT not only strengthens the ability of a doctor to examine, diagnose, and treat disease remotely, but also reduces the infrastructure cost and expense on both hospital and patient [5]. A typical example of IoT solutions in health care is measuring vital signs via remote sensors and presenting the continuous and real-time data to the respected specialist through cloud services. Through IoT implementation, nurses and doctors no longer need to walk around the wards to track the conditions of patients. Instead,  the information or any abnormal sign detected from the patients can be tracked immediately. Besides that, the devices with health monitoring and activity tracking functions are experiencing increased popularity, as they allow users to become more aware of their health-related behaviour [6].