بررسی عوامل خطر سینه پهلو مرتبط با تهویه مطبوع در بیماران دچار خونریزی حاد مغزی Investigation on Risk Factors of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Cerebral Hemorrhage Patients in Intensive Care Unit

1. Introduction Mechanical ventilation is a supportive treatment for the maintenance of respiratory function [1, 2], which was used in the perioperative period and all types of critically ill patients in the rescue phase, especially in the occurrence of acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and acute cerebral hemorrhage [3–5]. Mechanical ventilation simulates physiological respiration, which ensures oxygen supply and meets the needs of oxygen [4]. However, mechanical ventilation is di;erent from the physiological ventilation model, which can act as a factor causing mechanical ventilation-related lung injury [6, 7]. Clinically, during the use of mechanical ventilation, even if the patient’s previous lung function is normal, there may be local inGammatory response, a certain degree of lung injury, and even acute lung injury [8–10]. Pulmonary infection is one of the most common complications in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage, which directly a;ects the prognosis of those patients [11–13]. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is de:ned as the onset of pneumonia in patients with tracheal intubation or tracheotomy after 48 h of mechanical ventilation [14, 15]. After withdrawal or extubation, pneumonia within 48 h is still VAP. VAP is the most serious type of hospital-acquired pneumonia, with the incidence rate of 15% to 60% and the mortality rate of 25% to 76%, and is also the major risk factor of patients in intensive care unit (ICU) [16–18]. VAP is a predominant factor of pulmonary infection in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage. VAP not only prolongs the hospital stay but also increases the cost of treatment. Acute cerebral hemorrhage can directly a;ect the prognosis of patients, prolong the hospital stay, increase the medical costs, and accelerate the deterioration of the disease, so it is of great signi:cance to prevent VAP occurrence by early identi:cation of the risk factors of acute cerebral hemorrhagic-related pneumonia and control the predictable factors in the safe range [17, 19, 20].