ایجاد اینترنت اشیا پایدار: مسیر یابی انرژی موثر توسط سنسورهای کم قدرت Building a Sustainable Internet of Things: Energy-efficient routing using low-power sensors will meet the need

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a framework built as a network of trillions of devices (called things) communicating with each other to offer innovative solutions to real-time problems. These devices monitor the physical environment and disseminate collected data back to the base station. In many cases, the sensor nodes have limited resources like energy, memory, low computational speed, and communication bandwidth. In this network scenario, sensors near the data collector drain energy faster than other nodes in the network. A mobile sink is a solution in sensor networks in which the network is balanced with node energy consumption by using a mobile sink in the sensing area. However, the position of the mobile sink instigates packet overhead and energy consumption. This article discusses a novel data-routing technique to forward data toward a base station using a mobile data collector, in which two data collectors follow a predefined path to collect data by covering the entire network. The proposed technique improves the network performance, including energy consumption and sensing area lifetime. Autonomous tiny sensors are spatially distributed to monitor real-time environmental situations like emergency threats and temperature, pressure, sound, pollutants, light, humidity, and wind direction in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the IoT [1], [2]. In cyberphysical systems, such as smart cities, smart health, and smart agriculture, the IoT uses a substantial number of sensors with limited sensing, storage, computing, and wireless communication capabilities (Figure  1) [1]–[3]. IoT applications include target tracking, monitoring (e.g., environmental, weather, habitat, field), disaster management, and industrial process monitoring and control. It may be noted that, while sensor network (including WSNs) and IoT terms are used interchangeably in the existing literature, these are not the same things, as depicted in Figure 2 with a three-layer model of the IoT [4].