Process/industrial instruments and controls hanbook,5th ed.

Section 1. INTRODUCTORY REVIEW 1.1 Section 2. CONTROL SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS 2.1 Control Principles / 2.4 Techniques for Process Control / 2.30 Basic Control Algorithms / 2.57 Safety in Instrumentation and Control Systems / 2.83 Section 3. CONTROLLERS 3.1 Distributed Control Systems / 3.6 Programmable Controllers / 3.32 Stand-Alone Controllers / 3.50 Hydraulic Controllers / 3.57 Batch Process Control / 3.70 Automatic Blending Systems / 3.85 Distributed Numerical Control and Networking / 3.91 Computers and Controls / 3.100 Manufacturing Message Specification / 3.134 Field-Based Systems / 3.162 Section 4. PROCESS VARIABLES—FIELD INSTRUMENTATION 4.1 Temperature Systems / 4.8 Fluid Pressure Systems / 4.47 Industrial Weighing and Density Systems / 4.188 Humidity and Moisture Systems / 4.194 Section 5. GEOMETRIC AND MOTION SENSORS 5.1 Metrology, Position, Displacement, Thickness and Surface Texture Measurement / 5.5 Magnetostrictive Linear Position Sensors / 5.38 Object Detectors and Machine Vision / 5.65 Flat Web (Sheet) Measurement and Control / 5.92 Speed, Velocity and Acceleration Instrumentation / 5.96 Vibration Measurement / 5.111 Section 6. REAL-TIME ANALYTICAL COMPOSITION MEASUREMENTS FOR INPUT TO PROCESS CONTROL 6.1 Introduction / 6.6 Concentration Measurement Technology and Devices / 6.10 pH Measurement: Theory and Reality / 6.23 Optical Concentration Transducers / 6.55 vi CONTENTS Ultraviolet/Visible Absorption Analysis / 6.70 Sample Extraction, Conditioning, and Preparation for On-Line Analysis (Continuous Sample Flow versus Discrete Sampling) / 6.83 System Control and Managing Data / 6.104 Calibration and Validation / 6.112 Application Examples / 6.130 Section 7. CONTROL COMMUNICATIONS 7.1 Data Signal Handling in Computerized Systems / 7.2 Noise and Wiring in Data Signal Handling / 7.27 Industrial Control Networks / 7.34 Section 8. OPERATOR INTERFACE 8.1 Operator Interface—Design Rationale / 8.2 Cognitive Skills and Process Control / 8.11 Distributed Display Architecture / 8.22 Knowledge-Based Operator Training / 8.31 Intelligent Alarms / 8.37 Section 9. VALVES, SERVOS, MOTORS, AND ROBOTS 9.1 Process Control Valves / 9.5 Control Value Cavitation: An Overview / 9.63 Control Valve Noise / 9.75 Servomotor Technology in Motion Control Systems / 9.82 Solid-State Variable Speed Drives / 9.107 Robots / 9.123 Current-to-Pressure Transducers for Control-Valve Actuation / 9.139 Section 10. PROCESS CONTROL IMPROVEMENT 10.1 World-Class Manufacturing / 10.7 Plant Analysis, Design, and Tuning for Uniform Manufacturing / 10.17 Control Valve Response / 10.61 Process Impact / 10.70 Best Practices, Tools, and Techniques to Reduce the Maintenance Costs of Field Instrumentation / 10.86 New Developments in Analytical Measurements / 10.107 Fundamentals of the Quantitative NMR / 10.135 The Improvement of Advanced Regulatory Control Systems / 10.170 Multivariable Predictive Control and Real-time Optimization / 10.190 Neural Networks / 10.222 Section 11. STANDARDS OVERVIEW 11.1 Safety Instrumented (Interlock) Systems / 11.3 An Overview of the ISA/IEC Fieldbus / 11.14 Batch Control: Applying the S88.01 Standard / 11.35 Index / I.1