Transgenic crops V, v. 60.

Section I Fruits I.1 Banana E.C. PUA 1 Introduction 2 Banana Breeding and Molecular Markers 3 Identification of Banana Genes 4 Tissue Culture 5 Genetic Transformation 6 Factors Affecting Transgene Expression 7 Applications of Transgenic Plants 8 Conclusions Reference I.2 Citrus L. PENA, M. CERVERA, C. FAGOAGA, J. ROMERO, J. JUAREZ, J.A. PINA and L. NAVARRO 1 Introduction 2 Importance of Citrus 3 Genetic Improvement 4 Tissue Culture 5 Genetic Transformation 6 Citrus Improvement by Genetic Engineering 7 Conclusions Reference I.3 Mango M.A. GOMEZ-LIM and R.E. LITZ 1 Introduction 2 Cell and Tissue Culture 3 Applications of Biotechnology 4 Conclusions References I.4 Papaya S.D. YEH, H.J. BAU, Y.J. KUNG and T.A. YU 1 Introduction 2 World-Wide Threat by PRSV Infection 3 Control of PRSV by a Transgenic Approach 4 Tissue Culture and Regeneration Techniques 5 Micropropagation Techniques 6 Methods of Genetic Transformation 7 Advances in Molecular Biology 8 Conclusions References I.5 Pineapple M.R. DAVEY, S. SRIPAORAYA, P. ANTHONY, K.C. LOWE and J.B. POWER 1 Introduction 2 Taxonomy and Breeding of Pineapple 3 Genetic Relationships in Pineapple: Application of Biochemical and Molecular Markers 4 Biochemical and Molecular Approaches to Flowering and Fruit Production in Pineapple 5 Tissue Culture-based Technologies for Pineapple Improvement 6 Agronomic Improvement of Pineapple Using Genetic Manipulation: The Options 7 Concluding Remarks References I.6 Watermelon (Pending) 1 Introduction 2 3 4 5 6 7 Conclusions References I.7 Avocado R.E. LITZ, S.H.T. RAHARJO and M.A. GOMEZ-LIM 1 Introduction 2 Breeding and Genetics 3 Molecular Genetics 4 Micropropagation 5 Micrografting for Elimination of Pathogens 6 Somatic Embryogenesis 7 Protoplast Isolation and Culture 8 In Vitro Mutation Induction 9 Genetic Transformation 10 Cryopreservation 11 Conclusions References I.8 Grape A. Perl and Y. Eshdat 1 Introduction 2 Somatic Embryogenesis in Grapes 3 Selection Systems Utilizing Grape Cell Cultures 4 International Grape Genome Program 5 Genetic Transformation in Viticulture 6 Utilization of Transgenic Grapes 7 Recent Advances in Grape Molecular Biology 8 Concluding Remarks References I.9 Melon J.C. PECH, A. BERNADAC, M. BOUZAYEN, A. LATCHE, C. DOGIMONT, and M. PITRAT 1 Introduction 2 Molecular Tools, Markers and Mapping 3 Molecular Characterisation of Resistance Genes 4 In Vitro Regeneration by Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis from Callus and Protoplasts 5 Haploidisation, Triploids and Somatic Hybridization 6 Methods for Genetic Transformation 7 Genetic Transformation for Disease Resistance 8 Genetic Transformation for Fruit Quality Traits and Post-harvest Behaviour 9 Genetic Transformation for Resistance to Salt and Herbicides 10 Conclusions References I.10 Apple (Pending to be finalised) A-M IBANEZ and A.M. DANDEKAR 1 Introduction 2 Economic Importance 3 Current Research and Development 4 Practical Applications of Transgenic Plants 5 Conclusions and Future Challenges 6 Conclusions References I.11 Prunus spp. L. BURGOS, C. PETRI and M.L. BADENES 1 Introduction 2 Economic Importance 3 Current Research and Development 4 Practical Applications of Transgenic Plants 5 Conclusions and Future Challenges References I.12 Strawberry J.A. MERCADO, F. PLIEGO-ALFARO and M.A. QUESADA 1 Introduction 2 Economic Importance 3 Current Research and Development 4 Practical Applications of Transgenic Plants 5 Conclusions and Future Challenges References I.13 Kiwifruit R.G. ATKINSON and E.A. MACRAE 1 Introduction 2 Economic Importance and Genetic Potential 3 Molecular Biology 4 Genetic Transformation and Functional Genomics 5 Current and Future Practical Applications of Biotechnology References Section II Trees II.1 Walnut M. BRITTON, C. LESLIE, G. MCGRANAHAN and A. M. DANDEKAR 1 Introduction 2 Economic Importance 3 Current Research and Development 4 Practical Applications of Transgenic Plants 5 Conclusions and Future Challenges References II.2 Rubber P. AROKIARAJ 1 Introduction 2 Malaysian Rubber Industry 3 Hevea Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation 4 Rubber Trees as Recombinant Protein Factories 5 Molecular Genetics for Hevea Improvement 6 Biosafety Aspects of Transgenic Hevea 7 Future Direction References II.3 Eucalyptus C. TEULIERES and C. MARQUE 1 Importance of Eucalyptus 2 Tissue Culture and Genetic Transformation 3 Eucalyptus Genomics Research Programs 4 General Conclusion and Perspectives References II.4 Tropical Tree Legume Y. HONG and S. Bhatnagar 1 Introduction 2 Progresses and Prospects for Tree Legume Biotechnology 3 In Vitro Propagation of Legume Tree Species 4 Genetic Transformation 5 Marker Assisted Breeding 6 Genomic and Molecular Biology Studies 7 Legume Nodulation and Nitrogen Fixation 8 Acacia Mangium as a Potential Model Plant for Tree Legumes 9 Conclusion References II.5 Casuarina Glauca M. OBERTELLO, C. SANTI, S. SVISTOONOFF, V. HOCHER, F. AUGUY, L. LAPLAZE, D. BOGUSZ AND C. FRANCHE 1 Introduction 2 Economic Importance 3 Transgenic Technology 4 Transgenic Plants to Characterize Early Symbiotic Genes 5 Transgenic Casuarinaceae as a Tool for Evolutionary Studies of Symbiotic Genes 6 Gene Transfer Technology for the Improvement of C. glauca 7 Conclusions References II.6 Conifers C. WALTER, M. CARSON and S. CARSON 1 Introduction 2 The Economic Importance of Conifer Plantations 3 State of Current Research, Including Tissue Culture, Propagation, Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering 4 Potential Applications for Transgenic Conifers in Plantation Forestry 5 Social Challenges 6 Conclusions References Section III Beverage Crops III.1 Coffee N. SANTANA, R. ROJAS-HERRERA, R.M. GALAZ-AVALOS, J.R. KU-CAVICH, J. MIJANGOS and V.M. LOYOLA-VARGAS 1 Introduction 2 Somatic Embryogenesis in Coffee 3 Other Tissue Culture Methods 4 Micropropagation 5 Genetic Transformation 6 Concluding Remarks References III.2 Cacao M. J. GUILTINAN 1 Introduction 2 Recent Advances: A Recent Literature Review 3 Future Prospects References III.3 Tea T. K. MONDAL 1 Introduction 2 The Genome of Tea 3 Tea Breeding 4 Tissue Culture 5 Genetic Transformation of Tea 6 Molecular Genetics 7 Conclusion References III.4 Sugarcane L.H. ZHANG, L.X. WENG and Z.D. JIANG 1 Introduction 2 Sugarcane Genetic Transformation 3 Genetic Improvement 4 Factors Affecting Transgene Expression and Performance 5 Conclusion and Perspectives References