پی های شمعی مگاپروژه ها: ایستگاه جدید راه آهن و قطار سبک شهری (LRT) در خاک زمینی مسئله دار آستانه (قزاقستان) Pile Foundations of Mega Projects: New Railway Station and LRT in Problematical Soil Ground of Astana

1. Introduction At present time the pile foundations widely are used on problematic soil grounds, such as a problematic soil grounds in North Kazakhstan or Astana city. In this direction in our country the foreign investors used their techniques and technology in mega projects and constructions – New Railway Station, Expo-2017 site, high-rise multifunctional complex “Abu-Dhabi Plaza” and Project “Light Railways Transport” (LRT). 1.1. Project New Railway Station The new dead-end station “Astana Passenger” has a capacity of 40 trains and 12000 passengers per day. The carriage rolling stock “Astana Passenger” station consist six dead-end tracks, a local VIP platform and three center platforms. The building of the railway station is a six-story and in the plan dimensions of 630 x116 m. The South (right) part of the building intended for the departure of passengers, the northern (left) part of the building intended for the arrival of the passengers. At the level +0.100 buildings are covered parking, including office and industrial facilities. Also in the pass space that links with each other parks can find shops, catering areas, the main green area. To communicate with the platform and concourse provided escalators, elevators and stairs. At the level +3.850 are car parks, technical and office facilities. On platforms (level +9.750) is the pavilion with escalators, elevators and stairs. Car access is provided to a center platform for the meeting of the official delegations. On the concourse (a level +19.600) is placed the main distributional room with sitting areas, service centers, offices and administrative offices of railway station. The station complex includes activities for people with limited mobility service (disabled persons). Railway station complex will be equipped with modern visual, acoustic and tactile information. Today, on the railway station monolithic concrete constructions has been established; more than 150.000 m³ of concrete has been laid. Around 26.000 tons of metal structures (88%) have been assembled. The glass mounted front system has been made installed for 15% (7200 m²). Approximately 20% of the roof (11 000 m²) has been already constructed. The construction of railroad overpass to the railway station is underway, about 26.7 thousand m³ (96%) concrete out of the total volume of 27.8 thousand m³ has been filled, more than 24.0 thousand tons (92%) of metal structures has been installed. Rails, concrete, metal, fittings, cement are used from domestic production. Mounted roof made by «VEMO» company from Germany, supporting parts under the railroad overpass – «MAGEVA» Switzerland. For the convenience of passengers a new building will be equipped with energy-efficient elevators and escalators. The underground heat-exchangers will be installed; they will heat the station with the help of thermal springs. This technology will allow the room to warm in winter and cool in summer. The project includes the construction of six receiving and departure tracks, the seventh path taking into account in the long-term expansion of the railway station. For this project were used the bored piles of 1500 mm diameter and 8.60 m in length and driving piles 300×300 mm, 12.0 m in length are designed to install in water saturated argillite (clayed soil).