چالش های امنیت و حریم خصوصی در شهر هوشمند Security and Privacy Challenges in Smart Cities

1. Introduction It is the year 2027 and your day is full. As you finish your coffee and start to organize your desk to leave work, your boss tells you that you need to stay late. A quick moment of panic sets in, but you push past it and take action. In order to pick your son up from school you call an autonomous car with a quick swipe of your thumb and the service sends his smartphone the Quick Response (QR) code to access the car moments later. As you settle back into your chair, your son James walks out of school and into the autonomous vehicle school loading zone to find a shiny black autonomous car awaiting him with the air conditioning at his profile’s preferred setting. Once you begin putting the finishing touches on the extra project, you half-consciously check in on James’ journey via his smartphone’s Global Positioning System (GPS) and see that he is leaving the food stop you approved in order to avoid a stern talking to by your spouse. The autonomous car app shows you that James’ car was rerouted to avoid congestion on the highway and he should arrive at home shortly. Meanwhile, at home, the house smart systems kick into high gear in anticipation of James’ arrival and change the temperature to make sure the air conditioning is used only when needed. With a dull buzz, your smartphone informs you that your son is picked up, fed, and comfortably sitting at home. Considering the technologies mentioned all exist today, such a scenario is not far fetched. It is the seamless intersection of these technologies that seems so futuristic, and that is exactly what a smart city seeks to offer. However, it will be necessary to anticipate various security and privacy threats during the construction of smart city systems. For example, by completing the route from school to the home, intimate details about your child’s schedule, preferences, and whereabouts are being provided to the service provider. The service provider now has stored information on what fast food James enjoys eating and what route he travels home, opening up numerous opportunities to make suggestions to James and his parents on where and what to eat.