روش حداقل مربعات خطی دو مرحله ای برای استخراج پارامترهای مدل دیود یکپارچه فتوولتائیک Two-Step Linear Least-Squares Method for Photovoltaic Single-Diode Model Parameters Extraction

I. INTRODUCTION DURING the last decades, the photovoltaic (PV) singlediode model has been one of the most used. It has been widely demonstrated that this model, also called fiveparameter model, generates a theoretical curve that reproduces the real I-V characteristic of most of the PV cells and panels with very good accuracy under a minimum of illumination [1- 3]. For this reason, researchers have attempted to extract the model parameters and companies have tried to use these parameters to deeply know the behavior of their PV cells or panels in order to optimize their performance. Furthermore, the knowledge of the model parameters has been also used for some new maximum power point tracking techniques (MPPT) [4,5]. For all these reasons, extraction of the model parameters is definitely a key tool in the field of solar energy production. Many methodologies have been suggested in the literature for extraction of the model parameters. These methodologies can be divided into three groups: those that try to extract the parameters throughout the manufacturer datasheet [3, 6-12], those that attempt to obtain the parameters with a collection of experimental current-voltage points [13-28], and finally that ones that use both, the datasheet and also experimental data [29-31]. Among all these methods, there are some [11, 29] that extract the parameters as functions of the irradiance and the temperature. This allows, once the parameters are extracted, to extrapolate the parameters for different working conditions. It is worth noting that the method presented in this paper does obtain the parameters from a set of experimental currentvoltage points but it does not provide any physical meaning of the parameters so, it must be executed every time environmental conditions change.